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Nursing Question
1. Comprehensive assessment of provisional/ actual diagnosis, displaying an intermediate understanding of pathophysiology by linking diagnosis/signs/ symptoms to altered pathophysiology.
2. Displays intermediate understanding of pharmacology interventions as related to this patient?
3. Displays intermediate understanding of relationship between investigations/observations to planning intervention, ongoing management and evaluation of care?
Nursing Solution
This academic paper evidentially discusses the scenario of a stroke patient with the objective of exploring the best available treatment approaches and evidence-based nursing interventions warranted for reducing the stroke associated clinical manifestations among patients affected with the adversities of cerebrovascular accident.
Reason for Admission
The 91-years old patient is reportedly presented with the clinical manifestations of right upper extremity and right lower facial weakness, seizure, confusion, reduced cognition, reduced hearing, increased mastication time and dysphagia. The patient has the past medical history of transient cerebral ischemia, sleep apnea, ischemic heart disease, hypercholesterolemia, gastric ulcer and gastroesophageal reflux disease. The patient is an ex-smoker and undergone permanent cardiac pacemaker placement in the past. ED diagnosis includes a cerebrovascular accident (CVA); however, admitting diagnosis corresponds to cerebral hemorrhage.
Patient Risk Factors
Risk factors for stroke include hypertension, diabetes, atrial fibrillation, hyperlipidemia, smoking and obesity. In the present clinical scenario, patient’s age, gender and past medical history predisposed him towards the development of cerebrovascular accident (Romero et al., 2009). The intensity and frequency of stroke pattern among patients vary in accordance with the changes in risk factors. The risk factors of cerebrovascular accident categorized in terms of modifiable and non-modifiable attributes requiring prophylactic interventions for reducing the risk of the predisposed individuals towards the development of CVA across the community environment.
Pathophysiology and Pharmacological Management of Stroke Manifestations
The preliminary signs and symptoms of cerebrovascular accident include the muscle weakness, difficulty walking, coordination difficulty, visual changes, speaking problem, disturbed sensation, facial droop, rapid involuntary eyes movements, confusion and extremity weakness and numbness. These signs and symptoms are the direct outcomes of the below-mentioned pathophysiological changes that require a thorough understanding by healthcare professionals in configuring various healthcare strategies for challenging the establishment of stroke and its associated clinical manifestations across the community environment……………